VCE Biology Practice Test

The choice highlighting loss in genetic diversity is a potential disadvantage of genetically modified crops because the widespread adoption of a limited number of genetically modified varieties can lead to the homogenization of plant species. When farmers focus on cultivating these genetically engineered crops, the diversity of traditional and heirloom varieties tends to diminish. This reduction in genetic diversity can make crops more vulnerable to diseases and pests, as there are fewer genetic variations that might confer resistance. Additionally, lower genetic diversity can have broader implications for ecosystem resilience and agricultural sustainability, making it a significant concern in the context of biotechnology in agriculture.

In contrast, improved nutrient content and easier cultivation in harsh conditions are typically regarded as advantages of genetically modified crops, enhancing their viability and addressing food security challenges. The reduction in food quantity is also not a well-documented downside of GM crops; in fact, many genetically modified varieties are designed to increase yield per acre and improve overall food production.