What feature of modern humans differentiates them from their ancestors?

Prepare for the VCE Biology Test. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question has hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

The feature that distinguishes modern humans from their ancestors is indeed the smaller, rounder skull shape. Over time, as human evolution progressed, the shape of the skull changed, resulting in a less pronounced brow ridge and a more spherical cranium. This smaller and rounder skull is associated with advancements in cognitive abilities, as it allows for a larger brain relative to body size. The evolution of a larger brain has been linked to more complex social behaviors, the development of language, and the use of tools.

In contrast, features such as larger brow ridges, more prominent teeth, and reduced cranial size are associated with earlier hominin species. For instance, earlier ancestors had robust facial features that supported a diet requiring more chewing power, evident in their more prominent teeth and larger brow ridges. As humans evolved, these traits diminished, leading to the more refined facial structures seen in modern humans today. The transition to smaller, rounder skulls signals significant evolutionary changes that reflect both physical and behavioral adaptations.

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