What happens to pre-mRNA during RNA processing?

During RNA processing, pre-mRNA undergoes several modifications that are essential for the formation of mature mRNA, which is necessary for translation. One of the key steps in this processing is the splicing of exons, which are the coding regions of the gene that will eventually be translated into proteins. Introns, which are non-coding regions, are removed from the pre-mRNA. This splicing allows for the production of a continuous coding sequence from the individual exons.

Additionally, a methyl-G cap is added to the 5' end of the pre-mRNA. This cap serves several functions: it protects the mRNA from degradation, assists in ribosome binding during translation, and facilitates the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Together, these modifications ensure that the mRNA is properly processed and ready for translation into proteins.

The correct answer highlights these critical modifications that occur during RNA processing, which are vital for the proper expression of genes.