What is the definition of sympatric speciation?

Sympatric speciation is defined as the process by which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region. This means that within the same area, populations may diverge and adapt to different ecological niches or behaviors, ultimately leading to reproductive isolation despite the absence of a physical barrier. Factors such as behavioral changes, polyploidy (especially in plants), or shifts in habitat use can drive this type of speciation, reinforcing the idea that species can arise from one another while coexisting in the same location. This distinguishes sympatric speciation from other forms of speciation, where geographical separation plays a crucial role.