What is the primary function of chlorophyll during the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis?

During the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis, chlorophyll plays a crucial role by absorbing sunlight, which excites electrons within the chlorophyll molecules. This process is essential for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. When chlorophyll absorbs light, particularly in the blue and red wavelengths, it triggers a series of reactions within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. The excited electrons then move through an electron transport chain, leading to the production of ATP and NADPH, which are vital for the next phase of photosynthesis.

The absorption of carbon dioxide is not a function of chlorophyll; rather, it's a separate process that occurs in the light-independent reactions. Chlorophyll also does not directly participate in the splitting of water molecules, although this reaction occurs in the same stage and is facilitated by the energy produced by the excited electrons. Finally, the production of glucose takes place during the Calvin cycle, which occurs after the light-dependent reactions, highlighting the distinct roles of different phases in photosynthesis.