What type of block mutation involves replicating a section of DNA?

The type of block mutation that involves replicating a section of DNA is duplication. In genetics, duplication refers to the process where a segment of the chromosome is copied and inserted into the genome. This increases the number of copies of that specific segment of DNA, which can have significant effects on gene expression and function. Duplications can lead to increased gene product, potentially resulting in phenotypic changes, and they can contribute to evolutionary processes by providing additional genetic material that can acquire new functions.

In the context of the other types of mutations mentioned, deletion involves the loss of a DNA segment, inversion refers to the reversal of a chromosome segment, and translocation involves the transfer of a segment of DNA to a different location, usually between non-homologous chromosomes. Each of these mutations affects the genome differently, but it is duplication that specifically entails the replication of a section of DNA.