What type of RNA carries the genetic information to the ribosome?

Prepare for the VCE Biology Test. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question has hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

Messenger RNA is the type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. It is transcribed from the coding regions of genes in the nucleus and then migrates to the cytoplasm for translation. The sequence of nucleotides in messenger RNA is specifically complementary to the DNA template and dictates the order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain, ultimately determining the function of the protein.

Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA play crucial roles in the process of translation, but they do not carry genetic information in the form of sequences derived from DNA. Transfer RNA is responsible for bringing the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, ensuring that the polypeptide is assembled based on the sequence provided by the messenger RNA. Ribosomal RNA, on the other hand, forms the structural and catalytic components of the ribosome itself, facilitating the translation process.

Therefore, messenger RNA is the correct answer as it is directly responsible for conveying genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

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